Forty-eight hands, in the order they went on the parchment
Eight delegations on July 9, 1778, then the stragglers one by one, and Maryland last on March 1, 1781 — the day the union finally had a government. Each hand here is the man's own, cut off the National Archives' scan of the last skin and laid back down at writing pace. Nothing is set in a font. The whole roll, signed in place on its own sheet, is on The Roll; the faces, and the archival candidates for the men still without one, are on The Company.
Fig. 1 — The roll, written out · Hands cut from National Archives, catalog NAID 301687, "Articles of Confederation" — access scans of the original, six sheets, 400 dpi · retrieved 2026-08-24 · the scan
The roll, by delegation
Massachusetts Bay · 6
signed July 9, 1778
Rhode Island and Providence Plantations · 3
signed July 9, 1778
Connecticut · 5
signed July 9, 1778
Pennsylvania · 5
signed July 9, 1778
Virginia · 5
signed July 9, 1778
South Carolina · 5
signed July 9, 1778