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The rules
The Roll Signed

Forty-eight hands, in the order they went on the parchment

Eight delegations on July 9, 1778, then the stragglers one by one, and Maryland last on March 1, 1781 — the day the union finally had a government. Each hand here is the man's own, cut off the National Archives' scan of the last skin and laid back down at writing pace. Nothing is set in a font. The whole roll, signed in place on its own sheet, is on The Roll; the faces, and the archival candidates for the men still without one, are on The Company.

The Articles of Confederation — the roll, 1778–178101 / 1
Josiah BartlettNew Hampshire · signed July 9, 1778
0 filed

Fig. 1 — The roll, written out · Hands cut from National Archives, catalog NAID 301687, "Articles of Confederation" — access scans of the original, six sheets, 400 dpi · retrieved 2026-08-24 · the scan

The roll, by delegation

New Hampshire · 2

signed July 9, 1778

Massachusetts Bay · 6

signed July 9, 1778

Rhode Island and Providence Plantations · 3

signed July 9, 1778

Connecticut · 5

signed July 9, 1778

New York · 4

signed July 9, 1778

New Jersey · 2

signed November 26, 1778

Pennsylvania · 5

signed July 9, 1778

Delaware · 3

signed February 12, 1779

Maryland · 2

signed March 1, 1781

Virginia · 5

signed July 9, 1778

North Carolina · 3

signed July 21, 1778

South Carolina · 5

signed July 9, 1778

Georgia · 3

signed July 24, 1778